Body material is one of the first things specified and one of the least examined. Yet the choice affects weight, corrosion behaviour, abrasion resistance, cost and — in food and pharmaceutical duty — compliance. Here is how the common options compare and where each belongs.
Aluminium
Aluminium's main advantage is weight. That makes it the natural choice where the valve is mounted on a vehicle or on a structure with limited load capacity — the
VT series tank truck pinch valve uses a cast aluminium body for exactly this reason, and so does the
VAB flap diverter valve.
It offers adequate strength for moderate pressures and reasonable corrosion resistance in dry bulk service. It is not the material for aggressive chemical exposure or for very high pressures, and it is softer than steel where impact is a consideration.
Ductile Iron
Ductile iron — often seen on valve discs rather than bodies — combines the castability of iron with far better toughness and impact resistance than grey iron. It is a strong, economical choice for abrasive dry bulk where weight is not critical and corrosion is not severe. In our powder butterfly range it appears as a disc option for abrasive duty.
304 Stainless Steel
304 is the general-purpose stainless. It resists corrosion well across a wide range of media, is straightforward to weld and fabricate, and is suitable for most food and pharmaceutical applications with an appropriate surface finish. In our range, the
KFB plate diverter, the
KFZ plug diverter and the
KFQ ball diverter are all supplied in stainless steel.
316 Stainless Steel
316 adds molybdenum, which substantially improves resistance to chlorides and to many aggressive chemicals. It is the standard specification for marine, chemical and pharmaceutical duty, and for any environment where pitting or crevice corrosion is a risk. It costs more than 304, so it is specified where the extra resistance is genuinely needed rather than as a default.
At a Glance
Material | Weight | Corrosion | Abrasion | Best fit |
Aluminium | Lightest | Moderate | Moderate | Vehicle and weight-sensitive duty |
Ductile iron | Heavy | Moderate | Good | Abrasive dry bulk, economy |
304 stainless | Heavy | Good | Good | General industrial, food |
316 stainless | Heavy | Very good | Good | Chemical, marine, pharma |
Material and the Sealing Element Are Separate Decisions
It is worth separating two questions that are often confused. Body material decides structural integrity and corrosion behaviour. It does not decide how the valve seals or how it resists abrasion at the sealing interface — that is a matter of seat or sleeve compound.
In a
pinch valve, for example, the medium never touches the body at all, because the sleeve lines the entire flow path. Body material then becomes purely a structural and external-corrosion question, and sleeve compound becomes the material decision that governs life.
How to Choose
- Is weight constrained?
- Is the medium corrosive, or is the environment?
- Is the application food or pharmaceutical?
- Is corrosion minimal and budget tight?
- Does the medium actually contact the body?