A pneumatic conveying system moves product from one place to another, and sooner or later it must change destination — between silos, between receiving bins, or from a common line into two different processes. That is the job of a diverter valve, and in a conveying line it has to do it without leaking air, without leaking product and without wearing out.
The Conveying Context Changes the Requirement
In gravity duty a diverter only has to redirect product. In a pneumatic line it also has to maintain the integrity of the conveying air. Air that escapes through the inactive port of a diverter does not merely waste energy: it can drop the conveying velocity below the saltation point, and the line plugs.
So in a conveying line, seal tightness is not a quality nicety. It is a functional requirement.
Dead Pockets and Cross-Contamination
The second conveying-specific issue is material retention. Any cavity, recess or ledge in a diverter will hold product. In a single-product line that is merely a hygiene concern; in a line that alternates between products it is a contamination source, because the retained material is delivered into the next batch.
Diverters intended for multi-product duty are designed without cavities, and are often chosen with a rotating-element design so that there is no ledge for product to sit on.
The Designs, and Where Each Belongs
Design | Material | Best for in a conveying line |
Flap diverter (VAB) | Aluminium | Light dry powder and granules, air-conveyed; weight-sensitive mounting |
Two-way diverter (WZK) | See range | Routing between two destinations on a common line |
Plate diverter (KFB) | Stainless | Moderate pressure dry duty, compact installations |
Plug diverter (KFZ) | Stainless | Abrasive product where plate sealing faces erode |
Ball diverter (KFQ) | Stainless | Multi-product lines where cross-contamination must be excluded |
Why Aluminium Suits Conveying
The
VAB flap diverter valveuses an aluminium body. In conveying installations that matters more than it first appears: diverters are often mounted high in a plant, at the end of a line, or on equipment whose structural capacity is limited. A light valve reduces structural load and makes maintenance access easier.
Aluminium is well suited to light dry powder and air-conveyed granular product. It is not the material for high pressure, heavy abrasion or aggressive chemistry.
Where Diverters Suffer
- Direct impact.
- Hinge and pivot wear
- Seal edge erosion
- Sticky product
Specifying a Conveying Diverter
- Conveying pressure and velocity
- Product
- Number of destinations
- Cross-contamination tolerance
- Mounting
- Hygiene